nucleosome-remodeling factor subunit BPTF; bromodomain & PHD finger-containing transcription factor; fetal Alzheimer antigen; fetal Alz-50 clone 1 protein (BPTF, FAC1, FALZ)
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Function
- histone-binding component of nucleosome-remodeling factor (NuRF)
- specifically recognizes H3 tails trimethylated on Lys-4 (H3-K4Me3), which mark transcription start sites of virtually all active genes
- may also regulate transcription through direct binding to DNA or transcription factors
- phosphorylation enhances DNA-binding
- phosphorylated upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR
- interacts with MAZ
- interacts with KEAP1
- interacts with histone H3-K4Me3 & to a lesser extent with histone H3-K4Me2
Structure
- the second PHD-type Zn+2 finger mediates binding to histone H3-K4Me3
- belongs to the PBTF family
- contains 1 bromo domain
- contains 1 DDT domain
- contains 2 PHD-type Zn+2 fingers
Compartment
- cytoplasm. nucleus
- in brains of Alzheimer disease patients, present in a subset of amyloid-containing plaques
Alternative splicing
named isoforms=3
Expression
- ubiquitously expressed with highest levels in testis
- present in kidney, liver & brain
- in the brain, highest levels are found in motor cortex (at protein level)
- abundantly expressed in the fetal brain
- present throughout the gray & white matter of the developing spinal cord at 18-22 gestational weeks
- expressed at low levels in adult brain & spinal cord & reexpressed in neurodegenerative diseases (at protein level)
Notes
highly susceptible to proteolysis