somatostatin; growth hormone release-inhibiting factor; contains: somatostatin-28, somatostatin-14 (SST)

Function

• inhibits release of:
  • growth hormone (somatotropin)
  • thyrotropin
  • motilin
  • neurotensin
  • substance P
  • glucagon
  • insulin
  • secretin
  • gastrin
  • vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)
  • CCK
  • pancreatic polypeptide
  • gastric-inhibitory polypeptide
  • enteroglucagon
• also inhibits action of these hormones on their target tissues

Structure

• 14 & 28 aa forms

Expression

• somatostatin is secreted by delta cells found in the hypothalamus, antrum & corpus of stomach, small intestine & large intestine & pancreas

Pharmacology

• synthetic analog known as octreotide or SMS 201-995 is available under the name Sandostatin (Novartis)
• it is used for a variety of disorders including treatment of acromegaly (see octreotide)

More general terms

• pituitary hormone release inhibiting hormone
• pancreatic hormone
• paracrine hormone

Additional terms

• octreotide (Sandostatin)
• pentetreotide (OctreoScan)
• somatostatin receptor

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=6750
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:6750
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/182450
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P61278.html