epidermal growth factor (EGF)/urogastrone
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Function
- facilitates cell growth, proliferation, & differentiation via its receptor EGFR
- EGF is released by proteolysis of a membrane-bound precursor
- EGF stimulates the growth of various epidermal & epithelial tissues in vivo & in vitro & of some fibroblasts in cell culture
- stimulates Mg+2 reabsorption in the distal renal tubule via engagement of EGFR & activation of the Mg+2 channel TRPM6
- interacts with EGFR & promotes EGFR dimerization
- interacts with RHBDF2 (putative)
- interacts with RHBDF1
- may retain EGF in the endoplasmic reticulum & regulates its degradation through the ER-associated degradation (ERAD)
Structure
- O-glycosylated with core 1-like & core 2-like glycans
- uncertain if Ser-954 or Thr-955 is O-glycosylated
- pro-EGF contains 9 EGF-like domains
- pro-EGF contains 9 LDL-receptor class B repeats
- EGF is a 6045-Da protein with 53 amino acid residues
- EGF has 3 intramolecular disulfide bonds
Compartment
- membrane; single-pass type 1 membrane protein
- cleaved from membrane & released into extracellular space
Alternative splicing
named isoforms=2
Expression
- expressed in kidney, salivary gland, cerebrum & prostate
- found in platelets, macrophages, urine, saliva, milk, & plasma
Pathology
- defects in EGF are the cause of hypomagnesemia type 4
More general terms
Additional terms
- epidermal growth factor receptor; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase ErbB-1 (EGFR, ERBB1, HER1)
- heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor; heparin-binding protein; HB-EGF; HBEGF; diphtheria toxin receptor; DT-R (HBEGF, DTR, DTS, HEGFL)
- teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1; cripto-1 growth factor; CRGF; EGF-like cripto protein CR1 (TDGF1, CRIPTO)
References
- ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P01133.html
- ↑ NIEHS-SNPs http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/egf/
- ↑ Henderson B & Blake S Therapeutic potential of cytokine manipulation TIPS 13:145 1992 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1589908
- ↑ Wikipedia: Epidermal growth factor receptor http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidermal_growth_factor