nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1; caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 4 (NOD1, CARD4)

Function

• Apaf1-like protein that associates with & regulates caspase-9, enhances caspase-9 mediated apoptosis
• also acts upstream of NIK, IKK & IkB to induce NF kappa B activation
• induces NF-kappa-B activity via RIPK2 & IKK-gamma
• confers responsiveness to intracellular bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS)
• forms an intracellular sensing system along with ARHGEF2 for detection of microbial effectors during cell invasion by pathogens
• required for RHOA & RIP2 dependent NF-kappaB signaling pathways activation upon S flexneri cell invasion
• involved not only in sensing peptidoglycan (PGN)-derived muropeptides but also in the activation of NF-kappaB by Shigella effector proteins IpgB2 & OspB
• self-associates
• binds to caspase-9 & RIPK2 by CARD-CARD interaction interacts with ARHGEF2

Structure

• contains 1 CARD domain
• contains 9 LRR repeats (leucine-rich repeats)
• contains 1 NACHT domain

Compartment

• cytoplasm, basolateral cell membrane
• recruited to the basolateral membrane compartment in polarized epithelial cells

Expression

• adult:
  • expressed in heart, lung, skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, spleen, thymus, ovary
  • also detected in placenta, lung, liver, kidney, thymus, testis, small intestine & colon
• developing brain:
  • expressed in inferior tectal neuroepithelium of developing inferior colliculus, germinal layer of neocortex, olfactory epithelium, choroid plexus

More general terms

• caspase recruitment domain protein (CARD protein)
• pro apoptotic protein
• leucine-rich repeat-containing protein (LRRC)

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=10392
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:10392
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/605980
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Y239.html