Ca+2-activated chloride channel regulator 1 (Ca+2-activated chloride channel family member 1, hCLCA1, hCaCC-1, CLCA1 CACC1)
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Function
- may be involved in mediating Ca+2-activated chloride conductance
- may play critical roles in goblet cell metaplasia, mucus hypersecretion, cystic fibrosis & airway hyper- reactivity
- may be involved in the regulation of mucus production &/or secretion by goblet cells
- involved in the regulation of tissue inflammation in the innate immune response
- may play a role as a tumor suppressor induces MUC5AC
Structure
- glycosylated
- the 125-kD product is processed & yields to two cell- surface-associated subunits, a 90-kD protein & a group of 37-41 kD proteins
- belongs to the CLCR family
- contains 1 VWFA domain
Compartment
- secreted, extracellular space, cell membrane
- peripheral membrane, extracellular side
- protein that remains attached to the plasma membrane appears to be predominantly localized to microvilli
Expression
- highly expressed in small intestine & colon
- weakly expressed in uterus, testis & kidney
- expressed in the airways epithelium of both asthmatic & healthy patients
- expressed in the bronchial epithelium, especially in mucus- producing goblet cells
- expressed in normal turbinate mucosa & nasal polyps
- induced by IL13 in tracheobronchial epithelial cells
- up-regulated by histamine in a dose-dependent manner
- significantly increased by TNF in upper airway mucosa
Pathology
- down-regulated in colorectal cancer
- up-regulated in IL9-responsive mucus-producing epithelium of asthmatic patients
- significantly decreased in nasal polyps