autophagy protein 3-like; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3; autophagy-related protein 3; APG3-like; hApg3; protein PC3-96 (ATG3, APG3, APG3L)

Function

• E2-like enzyme involved in autophagy & mitochondrial homeostasis
• catalyzes the conjugation of ATG8-like proteins (GABARAP, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2 or MAP1LC3A) to phosphatidylethanolamine
• phosphatidylethanolamine-conjugation to ATG8-like proteins is essential for autophagy
  • preferred substrate is MAP1LC3A
• also acts as an autocatalytic E2-like enzyme, catalyzing conjugation of ATG12 to itself; ATG12 conjugation to ATG3
  • plays a role in mitochondrial homeostasis & cell death
  • does not play a role in autophagy
  • does not play a role in phosphatidylethanolamine- conjugation to ATG8-like proteins
  • ATG7 (E1-like enzyme) facilitates this reaction by forming an E1- E2 complex with ATG3
• interacts with ATG7 & ATG12
• the complex of ATG3 & ATG7, plays a role in conjugation of ATG12 to ATG5
• interacts with FNBP1L

Structure

belongs to the ATG3 family

Compartment

cytoplasm

Alternative splicing

named isoforms=2

Expression

• widely expressed
• highest expression in heart, skeletal muscle, kidney, liver & placenta

More general terms

• autophagy protein (autophagy-related protein)

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=64422
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:64422
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/609606
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NT62.html