mitogen-activated protein kinase 12; extracellular signal-regulated kinase 6; ERK-6; ERK5; stress-activated protein kinase 3; mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 gamma; MAP kinase p38 gamma (MAPK12, ERK6, SAPK3)

Function

• responds to activation by environmental stress & pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating downstream targets
• role in myoblast differentiation
• role in down-regulation of cyclin D1 in response to hypoxia in adrenal cells
• MAPK12 may inhibit cell proliferation while promoting differentiation
• phosphorylates myelin-basic protein
• activated by phosphorylation on Thr & Tyr (putative)
• dually phosphorylated on Thr-183 & Tyr-185, which activates the enzyme (putative)
• interacts with the PDZ domain of syntrophin SNTA1
• interacts with SH3BP5

Cofactor: binds 2 Mg+2

Structure

• monomer
• the TXY motif contains the Thr & Tyr whose phosphorylation activates the MAP kinases
• belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family, MAP kinase subfamily
• contains 1 protein kinase domain

Compartment

• cytoplasm. mitochondrion
• mitochondrial when associated with SH3BP5

Expression

highly expressed in skeletal muscle & heart

More general terms

• p38MAPK subfamily

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=6300
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:6300
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/602399
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P53778.html