bacterial pneumonia
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Introduction
see pneumonia
Etiology
- community-acquired: Streptococcus pneumoniae (90% of identified isolates in adults)
- nosocomial (60% gram-negative bacilli)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
* bacterial pathogens detected by multiplex PCR assay[1]
- Hemophilus influenzae in 33%
- Streptococcus pneumoniae in 20%
- Staphylococcus aureus in 20%
- gram-negative bacilli in 18%
- Moraxella catarrhalis in 12%
- other
Differential diagnosis
- viral pneumonia (may coexist with bacterial pneumonia)[2]
- factors favoring viral pneumonia
- rhinorrhea, diarrhea
- higher lymphocyte count % in WBC count
- lower serum creatinine
- ground-glass opacity in chest imaging[2]
- factors favoring bacterial pneumonia
- acute onset of symptoms
- age > 65 years or comorbidity
- leukocytosis or leukopenia
- fever, headache
- cervical painful lymph nodes[2]
- factors favoring viral pneumonia
- serum procalcitonin no helpful[2]
More general terms
More specific terms
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Falsey AR et al. Real-life assessment of BioFire FilmArray pneumonia panel in adults hospitalized with respiratory illness. J Infect Dis 2023 Jun 27; [e-pub]. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37369370 https://academic.oup.com/jid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/infdis/jiad221/7209038
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Heneghan C, Pluddemann A, Mahtani KR Differentiating viral from bacterial pneumonia. Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. 2020, April 8. Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences University of Oxford https://www.cebm.net/covid-19/differentiating-viral-from-bacterial-pneumonia/