dipivefrin ophthalmic (Propine)

Introduction

Tradename: Propine.

Indications

• open-angle glaucoma
• secondary glaucoma
• ocular hypertension
• low-tension glaucoma
• pseudoexfoliative glaucoma

Contraindications

angle-closure glaucoma

pregnancy category = b

safety in lactation = ?

Dosage

1 drop OU BID 0.1%

Adverse effects

• not common (1-10%)
  • headache, burning, stinging, ocular congestion, photophobia, mydriasis, blurred vision, ocular pain, conjunctival follicles, blepharoconjunctivitis, macular edema in up to 30% of patients with aphakia
• uncommon (< 1%)
  • arrhythmias, hypertension

Mechanism of action

• prodrug of epinephrine
• stimulates alpha &/or beta adrenergic receptors
• increases flow of aqueous humor
• 4-11 times as potent as epinephrine in decreasing intraocular pressure
• 5-12 times as potent as epinephrine in producing mydriasis

More general terms

• dipivefrin (Propine)
• ophthalmic agent (eyedrops)

Database

• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=3105
• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=71486