Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1, HHV-1); human herpesvirus 1
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Introduction
Also see Herpes simplex.
Epidemiology
- clinically affects 1/3 of population
- serologic prevalence of infection is 85%
- shed in saliva, tears & other bodily secretions
- often acquired during childhood
Pathology
- virulence factor ICP34.5 confers ability to replicate in non-dividing cells without PCNA actively engaged in DNA synthesis
- HSV1716 mutant lacks virulence factor
- CD111 & CD112 serve as receptors for HSV1
- latent virus in nerve ganglion
Biochemistry
- HSV1 protein ICP0
- HS3ST3A1, HS3ST3B1, HS3ST5 & HS3ST6-catalyzed substrate- specific O-sulfation generate an enzyme-modified heparan sulfate which acts as a binding receptor for Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) & permits its entry.
Clinical manifestations
- associated primarily with oral infections
- 15% of genital infections
- most of Herpes eye infections
- most of Herpes digital infections
- recurrent infections most commonly occur on vermilion border of the lips (herpes labialis)
- pharyngitis
- vesicle is primary lesion of herpes simplex
* images[8]
Laboratory
- Herpes simplex virus 1 culture
- Herpes simplex virus 1 DNA
- Herpes simplex virus 1 glycoprotein G IgG
- Herpes simplex virus 1 Ag in tissue
- see Herpes simplex
- see ARUP consult[6]
Complications
- viral encephalitis in immunocompromised patients[2]
- Bell's palsy
Management
(see Herpes simplex)
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, 15, 17, 18. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998, 2009, 2015, 2018.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ferri's Clinical Advisor, Instant Diagnosis and Treatment, Ferri FF (ed), Mosby, Philadelphia, 2003
- ↑ Harland DA et al Proliferative activityy and in vitro replication of HSV1716 in human metastatic brain tumours J Gene Med 2003 Aug: 5(8):681-9 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12898637
- ↑ Cherpes TL et al, Cunnilingus and vaginal intercourse are risk factors for herpes simplex type 1 acquisition in women. Sex Transm Dis 32:84, 2005 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15668613
- ↑ Corey L. Synergistic copathogens--HIV-1 and HSV-2. N Engl J Med. 2007 Feb 22;356(8):854-6 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17314346
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 ARUP Consult: Herpes Simplex Virus - HSV The Physician's Guide to Laboratory Test Selection & Interpretation https://www.arupconsult.com/content/herpes-simplex-virus
- ↑ Rice CM et al A Creeping Suspicion. N Engl J Med 2014; 371:68-73July 3, 2014 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24988560 <Internet> http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMcps1212310
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Brady MP (images) Cutaneous and Mucosal Manifestations of Viral Diseases. Medscape. March 2017 http://reference.medscape.com/features/slideshow/viral-skin