carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
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Introduction
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors were developed from testing of sulfonamides for ability to inhibit carbonic anhydrase after it was found that sulfanilamide inhibited carbonic anhydrase.
Monitor
- serum electrolytes every 6 months
- complete blood count (CBC) every 6 months
Adverse effects
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome & toxic epidermal necrolysis[4]
- aplastic anemia[4]
- renal acidification defect that raises urine pH & lowers urine citrate
- increases urinary calcium phosphate & possibly kidney stone risk[5]
- normal anion gap metabolic acidosis due to RTA-2[6], hypokalemia (RTA-2)[6]
- drug adverse effects of diuretics
- drug adverse effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibitor(s)
- drug adverse effects of antihypertensive agents
Notes
- inhibition of mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase suggested to have benefit for aging & neurodegenerative disease[2]
More general terms
More specific terms
- acetazolamide (Diamox)
- brinzolamide (Azopt)
- dichlorphenamide (Daranide)
- dorzolamide (Trusopt)
- methazolamide (Neptazane)
- sulfanilamide
- sulthiame; trolone; sulphenyltame; sulthiamine; (Ospolot)
- topiramate (Topamax, Qudexy XR, Trokendi XR)
- zonisamide (Zonegran)
Additional terms
References
- ↑ The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed. Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996 pg 691
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 University of Nottingham. Oct 10, 2016 Cell protein offers new hope in fighting the effects of aging. https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/news/pressreleases/2016/october/cell-protein-offers-new-hope-in-fighting-the-effects-of-aging.aspx
- ↑ Yang MS, Lee JY, Kim J et al Searching for the culprit drugs for Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis from a nationwide claim database in Korea. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2020 Feb; 8:690 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31614216 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S221321981930858X
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Popovic MM, Schlenker MB, Thiruchelvam D et al Serious Adverse Events of Oral and Topical Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2022;140(3):235-242 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35084437 PMCID: PMC8796060 (available on 2023-01-27) https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/fullarticle/2788394
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Salka BR, Oerline MK, Yan P et al Associations of Topiramate and Zonisamide Use With Kidney Stones: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2025 Feb 27:S0272-6386(25)00705-X. doi:http://dx.doi.org/ PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40023213 https://www.ajkd.org/article/S0272-6386(25)00705-X/fulltext
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 20 American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2025