sevoflurane (Ultane)

Introduction

Tradename: Ultane.

Indications

• induction & maintenance of general anesthesia (inhalation)

Contraindications

Caution:

• use with adequate ventilation; potentially toxic breakdown products

Dosage

Liquid for inhalation: 250 mL

Monitor

• renal function
• blood pressure
• temperature
• heart rate
• neuromuscular function
• oxygen saturation
• endtidal CO2
• endtidal sevoflurane concentrations

Adverse effects

• common (> 1%)
  • nausea/vomiting (18-25%)
• uncommon (< 1%)
  • bradycardia, hypotension, tachycardia, hypertension, agitation, headache, somnolence, dizziness, fever, early emergence movement, hypothermia, increased salivation, laryngospasm, airway obstruction, breath holding, increased cough, apnea, shivering
• other
  • malignant hyperthermia
  • fluoride neuropathy
  • increased cerebral blood flow & increased intracranial pressure

Drug interactions

• 50% N2O reduces minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) equivalent dose of sevoflurane by 50% in adults & 25% in children
• benzodiazepines & opioids reduces minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) equivalent dose of sevoflurane

Laboratory

• sevoflurane gas delivered.total volume
• sevoflurane liquid delivered.total volume

More general terms

• general anesthetic inhalation

Database

• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=5206