natalizumab (Tysabri)
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Introduction
Marketing suspended for evaluation of two cases of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
Patients & prescribers must be enrolled in the Tysabri Outreach:Unified Commitment to Health (TOUCH) Prescribing program. Pharmacies must be authorized by the TOUCH Prescribing Program to dispense Tysabri.[7]
Indications
- investigational treatment of multiple sclerosis[6]*
- treatment of Crohn's disease, FDA approved 2008
* on list of drugs to avoid for treatment of multiple sclerosis[11]
- disproportionate adverse effects cited
Contraindications
Dosage
- 300 mg by intravenous infusion monthly
- every 5-12 weeks may reduce incidence of PML
Monitor
- per TOUCH Prescribing Program
- JC virus antibody
Adverse effects
- headache (common)
- chest discomfort (common)
- nausea
- rash
- immunosuppression, risk for infections
- depression
- infusion reactions, hypersensitivity, anaphylaxis
- progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy[3][6][7][9]
- hepatotoxicity (rare)[5]
- drug adverse effects of immunosuppressive agents
- drug adverse effects of pharmaceutical monoclonal antibodies
Laboratory
Mechanism of action
- recombinant humanized IgG4-kappa monoclonal antibody produced in murine myeloma cells
- monoclonal antibody: binds to integrin alpha-4 subunit (adhesion-molecule inhibitor)
- the glycoprotein alpha4 beta1-integrin a mediator of cell adhesion & transendothelial migration (blocks immune cells from entering CNS)
- regulates immune-cell activation within inflamed tissue
- may reduce replapses (MS) 60%
Notes
Cost = $24,000 yearly
More general terms
References
- ↑ Journal Watch 23(4):34, 2003 Miller DH et al, N Engl J Med 348:15, 2003 Ghoush S et al, N Engl J Med 348:24, 2003 von Andrian UH & Engelhardt B, N Engl J Med 348:68, 2003
- ↑ Prescriber's Letter 12(1): 2005 New Drug: Tysabri (Natalizumab) Detail-Document#: http://prescribersletter.com/(5bhgn1a4ni4cyp2tvybwfh55)/pl/ArticleDD.aspx?li=1&st=1&cs=&s=PRL&pt=3&fpt=25&dd=210109&pb=PRL (subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Prescriber's Letter 13(2): 2006 Detail-Document#: http://prescribersletter.com/(5bhgn1a4ni4cyp2tvybwfh55)/pl/ArticleDD.aspx?li=1&st=1&cs=&s=PRL&pt=3&fpt=25&dd=220215&pb=PRL (subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com
- ↑ Polman CH, O'Connor PW, Havrdova E, Hutchinson M, Kappos L, Miller DH, Phillips JT, Lublin FD, Giovannoni G, Wajgt A, Toal M, Lynn F, Panzara MA, Sandrock AW; AFFIRM Investigators. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of natalizumab for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2006 Mar 2;354(9):899-910. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16510744
Rudick RA, Stuart WH, Calabresi PA, Confavreux C, Galetta SL, Radue EW, Lublin FD, Weinstock-Guttman B, Wynn DR, Lynn F, Panzara MA, Sandrock AW; SENTINEL Investigators. Natalizumab plus interferon beta-1a for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2006 Mar 2;354(9):911-23. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16510745
Yousry TA, Major EO, Ryschkewitsch C, Fahle G, Fischer S, Hou J, Curfman B, Miszkiel K, Mueller-Lenke N, Sanchez E, Barkhof F, Radue EW, Jager HR, Clifford DB. Evaluation of patients treated with natalizumab for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. N Engl J Med. 2006 Mar 2;354(9):924-33. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16510746 - ↑ 5.0 5.1 FDA MedWatch http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2008/safety08.htm#Tysabri
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 FDA MedWatch http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2008/safety08.htm#Tysabri2
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 FDA MedWatch Information on Natalizumab (marketed as Tysabri) Updated Information: [9/2009] http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders/ucm107198.htm
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 FDA MedWatch Tysabri (Natalizumab): Update of Healthcare Professional Information http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/SafetyInformation/SafetyAlertsforHumanMedicalProducts/ucm199965.htm
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 FDA MedWatch Tysabri (natalizumab): Drug Safety Communication - New Risk Factor for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) Posted 01/20/2012 http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/SafetyInformation/SafetyAlertsforHumanMedicalProducts/ucm288602.htm
- ↑ Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 17, 18. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2015, 2018.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Therapeutics Letter #108. Therapeutics Initiative Drugs to Avoid. http://www.ti.ubc.ca/2018/01/04/108-drugs-avoid/
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Campbell N et al Natalizumab Extended Interval Dosing Is Associated with a Reduction in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Risk in the Touch Registry. ACTRIMS Forum 2018, Feb 2 https://plan.core-apps.com/actrims2018/abstract/270ea0dccc6053d1219f9d4fc3570a3b
- ↑ Tysabri Outreach:Unified Commitment to Health (TOUCH) http://www.tysabri.com (800) 456-2255