secretory phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2-R, PLA2R, 180 kD secretory phospholipase A2 receptor, M-type receptor) [Contains: soluble secretory phospholipase A2 receptor (Soluble PLA2-R, Soluble PLA2R)] (PLA2R1)

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Function

precise function uncertain
receptor for secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2)
acts as a receptor for phosholipase sPLA2-IB/PLA2G1B but not sPLA2-IIA/PLA2G2A
able to bind to snake PA2-like toxins
binding of sPLA2 to its receptor participates in both positive & negative regulation of sPLA2 functions as well as clearance of sPLA2
binding of sPLA2-IB/PLA2G1B induces various effects depending on cell type, including
- activation of MAPK cascade to induce cell proliferation
- production of lipid mediators
- selective release of arachidonic acid in bone marrow- derived mast cells
in neutrophils, binding of sPLA2-IB/PLA2G1B can activate p38 MAPK to stimulate elastase release & cell adhesion
may be involved in responses in proinflammatory cytokine productions during endotoxic shock
also has endocytic properties & rapidly internalizes sPLA2 ligands,
the soluble secretory phospholipase A2 receptor form is circulating & acts as a negative regulator of sPLA2 functions by blocking the biological functions of sPLA2-IB/PLA2G1B
the secretory phospholipase A2 receptor form may be produced by the action of metalloproteinases; it
contains all extracellular domains & only lacks transmembrane & cytosolic regions; unclear whether secretory form is produced by proteolytic cleavage or by alternative splicing