phospholipase-A2 [PLA2] type 2 (membrane-associated PLA2, MOM-1 protein, modifier of multiple intestinal neoplasia [Min], synovial phospholipase A2, phospholipase A2 polypeptide B, pancreatic-like phospholipase A2, phospholipase A2 group 2A, PLA2G2A, NPS-PLA2, RASF-A)
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Function
- role in regulation of phospholipid metabolism in biomembranes including eicosanoid biosynthesis (putative)
- catalyzes Ca+2-dependent hydrolysis of the 2-acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides
- substrate specificity PE, PS >> PC
- no fatty acid specificity in sn-2 position
- released in response to inflammatory signals including IL-1, IL-6 or TNF
- ceramide may be a second messenger in the activation of PLA2 by cytokines[4]
phosphatidylcholine + H2O
<-->
1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate
Cofactor: binds 1 Ca+2 per subunit
Structure
belongs to the phospholipase A2 family
Compartment
- peripheral membrane
- found in many cells & also extracellularly
- membrane-bound & secreted forms are identical & are encoded by a single gene
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Mayer RJ, Marshall LA. New insights on mammalian phospholipase A2(s); comparison of arachidonoyl-selective and -nonselective enzymes. FASEB J. 1993 Feb 1;7(2):339-48. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8440410
- ↑ Kramer RM, Hession C, Johansen B, Hayes G, McGray P, Chow EP, Tizard R, Pepinsky RB. Structure and properties of a human non-pancreatic phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 5;264(10):5768-75. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2925633
- ↑ Glaser KB, Mobilio D, Chang JY, Senko N. Phospholipase A2 enzymes: regulation and inhibition. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1993 Mar;14(3):92-8. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8488570
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Hannun YA, Obeid LM. Ceramide: an intracellular signal for apoptosis. Trends Biochem Sci. 1995 Feb;20(2):73-7. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7701566