transforming growth factor alpha; TGF-alpha; EGF-like TGF; ETGF; TGF type 1 (TGFA)

Function

• released by proteolysis of membrane-bound precursor
• binds to EGF receptor
• mitogen for mesenchymal cells
• promotes angiogenesis
• by itself, inhibits proliferation of most epithelial cells & lymphocytes
• synergistic with TGF-beta in promoting anchorage- independent cell proliferation in soft agar
• interacts with the PDZ domains of MAGI3, SDCBP & SNTA1
  • interaction with SDCBP, is required for targeting to the cell surface
• in the endoplasmic reticulum, in its immature form (i.e. with a prosegment & lacking full N-glycosylation), interacts with CNIH
• in the Golgi apparatus, may form a complex with CNIH & GORASP2
• interacts (via cytoplasmic C-terminal domain) with NKD2

Structure

contains 1 EGF-like domain

Compartment

• secreted, extracellular space
• pro-TGF-alpha:
  • cell membrane; single-pass type 1 membrane protein

Alternative splicing

named isoforms=5

Expression

• isoform 1, isoform 3 & isoform 4 are expressed in keratinocytes & tumor-derived cell lines

More general terms

• transforming growth factor (TGF)
• glycoprotein

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=7039
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:7039
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/190170
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P01135.html