tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18; activation-inducible TNF-related ligand; AITRL; glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand; hGITRL (TNFSF18, AITRL, GITRL, TL6, UNQ149/PRO175)

Function

• cytokine that binds to TNFRSF18/AITR/GITR
• regulates T-cell responses
• can function as costimulator & lower the threshold for T-cell activation & T-cell proliferation
• important for interactions between activated <A19396>T-cells</A19396> & endothelial cells
• mediates activation of NF-kappa-B

Structure

• homodimer (putative), homotrimer
• belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family

Compartment

• cell membrane; single-pass type 2 membrane protein

Expression

• expressed at high levels in the small intestine, ovary, testis, kidney & endothelial cells
• up-regulated after stimulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS)

Notes

• uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-23 is the initiator

More general terms

• tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family protein
• glycoprotein
• membrane protein

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=8995
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:8995
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/603898
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UNG2.html