actin-binding protein anillin (ANLN)
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Function
- required for cytokinesis
- essential for structural integrity of cleavage furrow & for completion of cleavage furrow ingression
- interacts with F-actin
- interacts with CD2AP
- may interact with RHOA
- interacts with FZR1/CDH1 during mitotic exit
- phosphorylated during mitosis
- ubiquitinated, requires FZR1/CDH1
Structure
contains 1 PH domain
Compartment
- nucleus
- mainly found in nucleus during interphase
- colocalizes with cortical F-actin upon nuclear envelope breakdown in mitosis & subsequently concentrates in the area of the prospective contractile ring in anaphase; pattern persists until telophase, when the protein becomes concentrated in the midbody
Alternative splicing
named isoforms=2
Expression
- ubiquitously expressed
- expressed in brain > placenta, testis > intestine, ovary, skeletal muscle, thymus > heart, kidney, liver, lung, pancreas, prostate, spleen
- expressed in fetal brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, skeletal muscle, spleen & thymus
- in dividing cells expression increases during S & G2 phases, peaks at mitosis & subsequently drops as cells enter G1 phase
Pathology
- overexpressed in many tumor types including breast cancer, colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, hepatocelluar carcinoma, kidney cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer