macule
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Introduction
In dermatology:
- a macroscopic term referring to a circumscribed area of any size* characterized by its flatness & usually distinguished from surrounding skin by its coloration
- macules are not palpable
- they may be accompanied by desquamation or scaling.
* Ref[3] suggests macule < 1 cm, patch > 1 cm.
* Ref[4] suggests macule < 2 cm, patch > 2 cm.
Pathology
Macules may be associated with:
- rubeola
- rubella
- secondary syphilis
- typhoid fever
- drug reactions
- petechiae
- purpura
- 1st degree burn
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- pityriasis rosea
- vitiligo
- tinea versicolor
Erythematous macules
Macules on sun-exposed skin (photodistribution)
Hypopigmented macules
- postinflammatory
- Tinea versicolor
- vitiligo
- halo nevus
- sarcoidosis
- tuberous sclerosis
- cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
- leprosy
Hyperpigmented macules
- nevus
- fixed drug eruption
- postinflammatory
- ephelis (freckle)
- lentigo
- Schamberg's purpura
- Mongolian spot
- purpura
- stasis dermatatis
- melasma
- melanoma
- ochranosis
- mastocytosis
- cafe au lait spot
More general terms
More specific terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Cotran et al Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, 5th ed. W.B. Saunders Co, Philadelphia, PA 1994 pg 1174
- ↑ DeGowin & DeGowin's Diagnostic Examination, 6th edition, RL DeGowin (ed), McGraw Hill, NY 1994, pg 53
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, 15, 18 American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998, 2009, 2018.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 13th ed. Isselbacher et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1994, pg 217
- ↑ UpToDate 14.1 http://www.utdol.com