ghrelin; ghrelin -27; ghrelin-28
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Function
- ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR)
- induces release of growth hormone from the pituitary separate from GHRH
- effects are probably synergistic with GHRH
- has an appetite-stimulating effect
- induces adiposity
- stimulates gastric acid secretion
- role in growth regulation
- when administered peripherally to rodents daily, caused weight gain by decreased fat utilization
- activates the mesolimbic reward system for food & alcohol
Structure
- O-octanoylation or O-decanoylation is essential for ghrelin activity
- O-decanoylated forms Ghrelin-27-C10 & Ghrelin-28-C10 differ in the length of the carbon backbone of the carboxylic acid bound to Ser-26
- a small fraction of ghrelin, ghrelin-28-C10:1
- may be modified with a singly unsaturated carboxylic acid
Expression
- derived from precursor appetite regulating hormone
- the principal site of synthesis in stomach
- serum levels increased by fasting, reduced by feeding[2]
- other tissues compensate for the loss of ghrelin synthesis in the stomach following gastrectomy
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Kojima et al. Nature 402:656-60, 1999
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Tschop et al. Nature 407:908-13, 2000
- ↑ Solomon DH, in: UCLA Intensive Course in Geriatric Medicine & Board Review, Marina Del Ray, CA, Sept 12-15, 2001
- ↑ Wikipedia; Ghrelin http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghrelin
- ↑ Jerlhag E et al Requirement of central ghrelin signaling for alcohol reward. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009 Jul 7; 106:11318. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19564604