peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; PPAR-delta; PPAR-beta; nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group C member 2; nuclear hormone receptor 1; NUC1; NUCI (PPARD, NR1C2, PPARB)
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Function
- activated by fatty acids & peroxisome proliferators
- binds to DNA as heterodimer with RXR
- role in embryo implantation[1]
- dUTPase prevents PPAR-RXR heterodimerization
- binds to a promoter element in the gene for acyl-CoA oxidase & activates its transcription, thus controls peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids
- decreases expression of NPC1L1 once activated by a ligand
- endogenous ligands (activators)
- saturated fatty acids
- palmitic acid [16:0] (2+)
- stearic acid [18:0] (2+)
- monounsaturated fatty acids
- palmitoleic acid [16:1] (+)
- oleic acid [18:1] (2+)
- polyunsaturated fatty acids
- linoleic acid [18:2, n-6] (2+)
- alpha-linolenic acid [18:3, n-3] (+)
- gamma-linolenic acid [18:3, n-6] (3+)
- dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid [20:3, n-6] (2+)
- arachidonic acid [20:4, n-6] (2+)
- eicosapentaenoic acid [22:5, n-3] (2+)
- docosahexaenoic acid [22:6, n-3] (2+)
- eicosanoids
- saturated fatty acids
Structure
- belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family, NR1 subfamily
- contains 1 nuclear receptor DNA-binding domain
Compartment
Alternative splicing
named isoforms=2
Expression
- ubiquitous with maximal levels in placenta & skeletal muscle
- intestine (3+)[1]
Pharmacology
Exogenous agonists: (peroxisome proliferators)[1]
- hypolipidemic drugs
- WY-14-643 (1+)
- GW2331 (+/-)
- bezafibrate (3+)
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- GW2433 (3+)
- L-165041)
- other
- monoethylhexyl phthalate (1+)
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Corton JC, Anderson SP, Stauber A. Central role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in the actions of peroxisome proliferators. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2000;40:491-518. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10836145
- ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q03181.html
- ↑ Wikipedia; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor entry http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/peroxisome_proliferator-activated_receptor