cholesterol acyltransferase (sterol-O-acyltransferase, acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 1, acyl-cholesterol acyltransferase, SOAT1 ACACT ACACT1 ACAT ACAT1 SOAT STAT)
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Function
- membrane-bound acyltransferase
- catalyzes the formation of fatty acid-cholesterol esters
- removes excess cholesterol from cellular membranes by esterfying the cholesterol to form cholesterol esters which may be stored within granules or vesicles inside the cell
- lipoprotein assembly
- dietary cholesterol absorption
- may act as a ligase
- highly activated by the presence of cholesterol
Structure
- may form homo- or heterodimers
- belongs to the membrane-bound acyltransferase family sterol o-acyltransferase subfamily
Compartment
integral membrane protein, endoplasmic reticulum
Pathology
- insoluble cholesterol esters accumulate in macrophages & smooth muscle early in atherosclerotic plaque
- Inhibition of ACAT activity diminishes release of the A4 beta peptide in experimental models
More general terms
More specific terms
- acyl cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (ACAT1, diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1, diglyceride acyltransferase, ACAT related gene product 1)
- lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT, phosphatidylcholine-sterol acyltransferase, phospholipid-cholesterol acyltransferase)
- sterol O-acyltransferase 2; acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 2; ACAT-2; cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (SOAT2, ACACT2, ACAT2)
References
- ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P35610.html
- ↑ Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry, 2nd ed. Burtis CA & Ashwood ER (eds), WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia PA, 1993, pg 1005
- ↑ Marx J. Science 294:508-509, 2001