DNA-damage-inducible transcript 4 protein; protein regulated in development & DNA damage response 1; REDD-1; HIF-1 responsive protein RTP801 (DDIT4, REDD1, RTP801)
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Function
- inhibits cell growth by regulating the FRAP1 pathway upstream of the TSC1-TSC2 complex & downstream of AKT1
- promotes neuronal cell death
Structure
belongs to the DDIT4 family
Compartment
Expression
- broadly expressed
- lowest levels in brain, skeletal muscle & intestine
- up-regulated in fibroblasts upon ionizing radiation, via a TP53-dependent pathway
- up-regulated by TP63 in primary keratinocytes, & down-regulated during keratinocyte differentiation
- up-regulated upon DNA alkylation
- up-regulated by amyloid beta-peptide & retinoic acid
- up-regulated by hypoxia, via a PI3K & HIF1A-dependent but TP53/TP63-independent mechanism (at protein level)
Pathology
- up-regulated in substantia nigra neurons from Parkinson disease patients (at protein level)