rac-alpha serine/threonine kinase (AKT1 kinase, protein kinase B)
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Function
- inactive homodimer binds to & dissociates upon binding with phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphates.
- Akt1 kinase activity is stimulated by insulin & IGF-1
- activated by phosphorylation on T308 (by PDK1) & S473
Substrates include: site
AHNAK Ser1169 ARK5 Ser600 ASK1 (MAP3K5) Ser83 AS160 Ser588, Thr642 ATP citrate lyase Ser455 BAD Ser75, Ser99 Caspase 9 alpha Ser196 Ezrin Thr567 Cytovillin Thr567 Villin 2 Thr567 Filamin C Ser2213 Forkhead Thr24, Ser256, Ser319 GABA A receptor Ser410 GSK3 alpha Ser19 GSK3 beta Ser9 HAND2, dHAND Ser114 ? Huntingtin Ser421 I kappa-B kinase alpha Thr23 IRS-1 Ser270, Ser307, Ser330, Ser527 PAK1 Ser21 p21WAF1 Thr145, Ser 146 PTP-1B Ser50 PFK-2 Ser466, Ser483 PRAS40 Thr246 p47phox Ser304, Ser328 14-3-3-zeta Ser58 Raf-1 (c-Raf) Ser259 MKK4 (SEK1) Ser78 Tau Thr212, Ser214 Tuberin Ser939 WNK1 Thr60 yes associated protein YAP
- phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 leads to inactivation
- phosphorylation of foxO subfamily of forkhead transcription factors leads to exclusion from the nucleus
- Akt1 plays role in insulin signaling, cell survival & transformation
- Akt1 inhibits apoptosis by preventing exposure of membrane phosphatidylserine[5]
Pathology
- may be involved in induction of T-cell lymphomas
Laboratory
More general terms
- oligomerizing protein
- rac S/T kinase; AKT kinase
- myristoylated protein
- glycoprotein
- proto oncogene protein
References
- ↑ Bellacosa A, Testa JR, Staal SP, Tsichlis PN. A retroviral oncogene, akt, encoding a serine-threonine kinase containing an SH2-like region. Science. 1991 Oct 11;254(5029):274-7. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1833819
- ↑ Bos TIBS 20:442 1995
- ↑ Maira SM, Galetic I, Brazil DP, Kaech S, Ingley E, Thelen M, Hemmings BA. Carboxyl-terminal modulator protein (CTMP), a negative regulator of PKB/Akt and v-Akt at the plasma membrane. Science. 2001 Oct 12;294(5541):374-80. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11598301
- ↑ Kinasource http://www.kinasource.co.uk/Database/A%20substrates/Akt%20substrates.html
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Kang JQ, Chong ZZ, Maiese K. Critical role for Akt1 in the modulation of apoptotic phosphatidylserine exposure and microglial activation. Mol Pharmacol. 2003 Sep;64(3):557-69. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12920191