HIV1/AIDS-associated diarrhea

Etiology

• acute/chronic
  • Campylobacter
  • Salmonella
  • Shigella
  • Giardia lamblia
    • Entamoeba histolytica (rare)
• wasting
  • Giardia lamblia
  • Cryptosporidium parvum
  • Microsporidia
    • Septata intestinalis
    • Enterocytozoon bieneusi
  • Isospora belli (rare)
  • Entamoeba histolytica (rare)
  • Cyclospora (rare)
• associated with lymphadenopathy, fever, weight loss
  • Mycobacterium avium
    • serum alkaline phosphatase often elevated
    • CD4 count < 50/uL
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Mycobacterium kansasii
  • Histoplasma capsulatum
  • lymphoma
• colonic
  • Clostridium difficile
  • cytomegalovirus (CMV colitis)
  • adenovirus
  • Mycobacterium avium complex
  • Histoplasma capsulatum

Laboratory

• chronic diarrhea
  • evalute stool for Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora. microsporidia, Giardia, ova & parasites, fecal leukocytes & C difficile toxin
• blood cultures for enteric pathogens & Mycobacterium avium intracellulare if febrile or CD4 count < 50/uL

More general terms

• HIV1/AIDS-associated gastrointestinal disorder
• diarrhea

Additional terms

• Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome (HIV infection stage 3, AIDS)