potassium citrate (Urocit K)
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Indications
- hypokalemia associated with metabolic acidosis
- long-term maintenance of alkaline urine
- hypertension ?[3]
- prevention of osteoporosis ?[3]
- inhibition of nephrolithiasis
- cystinuria, cystine renal calculi
- calcium stones
- calcium phosphate renal calculi
- calcium oxalate renal calculi[4]
- prevents new stone formation & reduces further stone growth in patients with residual oxalate stones[8]
- uric acid stones[5]
Contraindications
- hyperkalemia
- conditions predisposing to hyperkalemia
- renal failure
- uncontrolled diabetes
- adrenal insufficiency
- concurrent administration of K+ sparing diuretic
- conditions causing a delay in passage through the GI tract
- delayed gastric emptying
- esophageal compression
- intestinal obstruction or stricture
- concurrent administration of anticholinergic agents
- peptic ulcer disease
- active urinary tract infection
pregnancy-category :value C
safety-in-lactation :value ?
Dosage
* using 306.4 mg/mmol & 3 meq/mmol, I get 102.1 mg/meq
* as the monohydrate 108.1 mg/meq
Tablet: 5, 10, 15 meq
Pharmacokinetics
- elimination :route kidney
Adverse effects
Mechanism of action
- prevents precipitation of calcium in urine
- makes urine less acidic, thus also reduces risk uric acid stones & cystine stones[5]
- increases bone mineral density*[3], citrate contributes (KCl does not show same effect)
- diminishes systolic & diastolic blood pressure* due to K+[3]
* in postmenopausal women
More general terms
Component of
- bisacodyl/citrate/magnesium carbonate/potassium citrate
- bilberry/calcium citrate/potassium citrate/vitamin e
- citrate/potassium citrate (Polycitra K)
References
- ↑ Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug Formulary, 1998
- ↑ Physician's Desk Reference (PDR) 52nd edition, Medical Economics, 1998
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Jehle S et al, Partial neutralization of the acidogenic Western diet with potassium citrate increases bone mass in postmenopausal women with osteopenia. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006, 17:3213 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17035614
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Deprecated Reference
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 WebMD: Potassium Citrate for Kidney Stones http://www.webmd.com/kidney-stones/potassium-citrate-for-kidney-stones
- ↑ Drugs.com: Potassium Citrate http://www.drugs.com/pro/potassium-citrate.html
- ↑ Pak CY Citrate and renal calculi. Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1987;13(4):257-66. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3306318
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Phillips R, Hanchanale VS, Myatt A et al Citrate salts for preventing and treating calcium containing kidney stones in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Oct 6;(10):CD010057. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26439475