waist-to-hip ratio
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Pathology
- the waist-to-hip ratio appears to be stronger predictor of mortality & cardiovascular mortality than body-mass index[1][2][3][6]
- increased BMI, waist circumference or waist-to-hip ratio equally predictive of risk[4]
- central obesity is associated with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus type 2, dysplipidemia, hypertension, & cardiovascular disease in overweight & obese patients[5][7]
- abdominal obesity defined as a waist-to-hip ratio of < 0.9 in men & < 0.85 in women is associated with cognitive impairment[8]
Genetics
- Thr-64 polymorphism in UCP1 gene is associated with an increased waist-to-hip ratio
Management
- current guidelines propose cutoffs for waist-to-hip ratio of 0.9-1.0 for men & 0.85 for women[3]
Additional terms
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Yusuf S et al, Obesity and the risk of myocardial infarction in 27,000 participants from 52 countries. Lancet 2005; 366:1640 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16271645
Kragelumd & Omland T A farewell to body-mass index? Lancet 2005; 366:1589 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16271629 - ↑ 2.0 2.1 Zhang X et al, Abdominal adiposity and mortality in Chinese women Arch Intern Med 2007, 167:886 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17502529
Hu FB Obesity and mortality: Watch your waist, not just your weight. Arch Intern Med 2007, 167:875 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17502526 - ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Pischon T et al General and Abdominal Adiposity and Risk of Death in Europe N Engl J Med 2008 Nov 13; 359:2105. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19005195
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 The Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration. Separate and combined associations of body-mass index and abdominal adiposity with cardiovascular disease: Collaborative analysis of 58 prospective studies. Lancet 2011 Mar 26; 377:1085. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21397319
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 16 American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2012
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Sahakyan KR et al Normal-Weight Central Obesity: Implications for Total and Cardiovascular Mortality. Ann Intern Med. Published online 10 November 2015 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26551006 <Internet> http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2468805
Poirier P The Many Paradoxes of Our Modern World: Is There Really an Obesity Paradox or Is It Only a Matter of Adiposity Assessment? Ann Intern Med. Published online 10 November 2015 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26551376 <Internet> http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2468808 - ↑ 7.0 7.1 Emdin CA, Khera AV, Natarajan P et al Genetic Association of Waist-to-Hip Ratio With Cardiometabolic Traits, Type 2 Diabetes, and Coronary Heart Disease. JAMA. 2017;317(6):626-634 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2819625 <Internet> http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2601502
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Lin Wy Associations of five obesity indicators with cognitive performance in 30,697 Taiwan Biobank participants. BMC Geriatrics. 2022 22:839. Nov 7 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36344931 https://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12877-022-03457-x