nipple retraction; nipple inversion

Etiology

• aging
• cessation of lactation
• congenital
  • congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1A
• breast cancer
  • inflammatory breast cancer

Pathology

• any condition that causes inflammation or scarring of the tissues deep to the nipple may cause nipple retraction

Management

• manually stimulating the nipples may temporarily reverse the finding
• attention to underlying disorder
• plastic surgery

More general terms

• sign/symptom