Ebola virus vaccine (Ervebo, rVSV-ZEBOV)
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Indications
- prevention of Ebola virus infection
- post-exposure prophylaxis[1]
Contraindications
Dosage
- single IM injection[5]
- 3 regimens*[8]
* all 3 regimens induce immune responses from day 14 through month 12[8]
Adverse effects
Mechanism of action
- replicating, attenuated, recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus with its glycoprotein gene replaced by the Zaire Ebola virus glycoprotein gene[1]
Notes
- pre-existing antibodies to adenovirus type-5, common in Africa, may lower the vaccine's effectiveness
- recombinant, replication-competent vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine that expresses a surface glycoprotein of Zaire Ebola virus appears effective[3]
- 2 candidate vaccines induce an immune response & appear to be safe[4][6]
- chimpanzee adenovirus 3-based vaccine (ChAd3-EBO-Z)
- recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine (rVSV<>G-ZEBOV-GP)
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Lai L, Davey R, Beck A et al Emergency Postexposure Vaccination With Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-Vectored Ebola Vaccine After Needlestick. JAMA. Published online March 05, 2015 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25742465 <Internet> http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2195001
Geisbert TW Emergency Treatment for Exposure to Ebola Virus. The Need to Fast-Track Promising Vaccines. JAMA. Published online March 05, 2015 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25742306 <Internet> http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2195000 - ↑ Zhu FC, Hou LH, Li JX et al Safety and immunogenicity of a novel recombinant adenovirus type-5 vector-based Ebola vaccine in healthy adults in China: preliminary report of a randomised, double-blind, placebo- controlled, phase 1 trial. Lancet. March 24, 2015 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25817373 <Internet> http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736%2815%2960553-0/abstract
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Henao-Restrepo AM et al Efficacy and effectiveness of an rVSV-vectored vaccine expressing Ebola surface glycoprotein: interim results from the Guinea ring vaccination cluster-randomised trial. Lancet July 31, 2015 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26248676 <Internet> http://www.thelancet.com/pb/assets/raw/Lancet/pdfs/S0140673615611175.pdf
The Lancet An Ebola vaccine: first results and promising opportunities. Lancet July 31, 2015 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26248675 <Internet> http://www.thelancet.com/pb/assets/raw/Lancet/pdfs/S0140673615611771.pdf - ↑ 4.0 4.1 Milligan ID, Gibani MM, Sewell R et al Safety and Immunogenicity of Novel Adenovirus Type 26-and Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Vectored Ebola Vaccines. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2016;315(15):1610-1623 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27092831 <Internet> http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2514196
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Henao-Restrepo AM, Camacho A, Longini IM et al Efficacy and effectiveness of an rVSV-vectored vaccine in preventing Ebola virus disease: final results from the Guinea ring vaccination, open-label, cluster-randomised trial (Ebola Ca Suffit). Lancet Dec 22, 2016 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28017403 Free Article <Internet> http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(16)32621-6/fulltext
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Kennedy SB, Bolay F, Kieh M et al Phase 2 Placebo-Controlled Trial of Two Vaccines to Prevent Ebola in Liberia. N Engl J Med 2017; 377:1438-1447. October 12, 2017 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29020589 <Internet> http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1614067
- ↑ FDA News Release. Dec 19, 2019 First FDA-approved vaccine for the prevention of Ebola virus disease, marking a critical milestone in public health preparedness and response. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/first-fda-approved-vaccine-prevention-ebola-virus-disease-marking-critical-milestone-public-health
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 PREVAC Study Team Randomized Trial of Vaccines for Zaire Ebola Virus Disease. N Engl J Med. 2022. Dec 14 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36516078 https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2200072