Chlamydophila pneumoniae; Chlamydia pneumoniae (TWAR agent)
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Epidemiology
- found only in human respiratory tract, no known reservoirs
- person to person spread
- cycles of disease every few years
- re-infection is common
- 10% of community-acquired pneumonia
Pathology
- causes a spectrum of disease:
- mild upper respiratory tract symptoms to pneumonia
- considered an etiologic agent of coronary artery disease
Clinical manifestations
- incubation period 10-65 days
- 15% of patients are symptomatic
- pharyngitis (90%)
- pneumonia (10%)
- bronchitis (5%)
- sinusitis (5%)
- pharyngeal erythema (common)
- wheezing (common)
Laboratory
- Chlamydophila pneumoniae serology
- complement fixation: insensitive & non-specific
- Chlamydophila pneumoniae antigen
- Chlamydophila pneumoniae DNA, Chlamydophila pneumoniae rRNA
- Chlamydophila pneumoniae+Chlamydophila psittaci DNA
- culture for Chlamydophila pneumoniae
- see ARUP consult[4]
Radiology
- chest X-ray: unilateral, segmental, patchy opacity
Management
- tetracycline 500 mg PO QID
- doxycycline 100 mg IV/PO BID
- macrolide
More general terms
References
- ↑ Manual of Medical Therapeutics, 28th edition, Ewald & McKenzie (eds) Little, Brown & Co, 1995, pg 301-302
- ↑ Mayo Internal Medicine Board Review, 1998-99, Prakash UBS (ed) Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1998, pg 798
- ↑ Journal Watch 20(14):111, 2000 Ericson et al Circulation 101:2568 2000
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 ARUP Consult: Chlamydophila Species - Chlamydia pneumoniae Infection The Physician's Guide to Laboratory Test Selection & Interpretation https://www.arupconsult.com/content/chlamydophila-species