sodium (Na+) in urine
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Indications
- measurement of urinary Na+ is used to assess volume depletion, acute renal failure, salt-losing nephritis, & in the differential diagnosis of hyponatremia
Reference interval
Principle
See sodium (Na+) in body fluid
Clinical significance
- Na+ is freely filtered by the glomerulus; the major route of Na+ excretion is through the kidneys.
- renal threshold for sodium is 110-130 mmol/L
- nocturnal urinary sodium excretion is 1/5 peak daytime urinary sodium excretion
Increases
- increased dietary sodium
- adrenal failure
- diuretics
- alkalosis
- diabetes mellitus
- Bartter's syndrome
- renal tubular acidosis
- renal tubulointerstitial disease
- SIADH
Decreases
- low dietary sodium
- poor oral intake
- sodium-restricted diet
- adrenocortical hyperfunction
- prerenal azotemia (volume depletion)
- hepatorenal syndrome
- abdominal compartment syndrome (case study)[7]
Specimen
No special patient preparation is required.
Urine: Collect timed or random specimens by standard laboratory procedures. Preservatives are not necessary & may interfere. Refrigerate specimen during collection & keep refrigerated until analysis.
Preparation (Urine)
- Remove Kodak Ektachem Urine Electrolyte Diluent from the refrigerator & allow to reach room temperature (45 minutes).
- Mix the diluent by gently swirling & inverting the container. DO NOT SHAKE.
- In a clean, dry container, accurately dilute one part sample with four parts urine diluent (fivefold dilution). Immed- iately cover diluent & return it to refrigerated storage.
- Thoroughly mix sample with diluent.
- Analyze the diluted sample & multiply the reported result by 5 to obtain the sodium concentration in the original sample.
Minimum sample size 0.5 milliliter: with an optimum size of 1.0 milliliters or larger.
More general terms
More specific terms
Additional terms
Component of
References
- ↑ Kodak Ektachem 700 Analyzer Operator's Manual, Kodak Clinical Products, Rochester, New York.
- ↑ Kodak Ektachem Clinical Slide Package Insert, Kodak Clinical Products, Rochester, New York.
- ↑ Kodak Ektachem Clinical Training Manual, Kodak Clinical Products, Rochester, New York.
- ↑ Tietz, N. W.: Electrolytes, in Textbook of Clinical Chemistry, Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Co., p. 1845, 1986.
- ↑ Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, 4th edition, HB Wu ed, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 2006
- ↑ Panel of 11 tests Laboratory Test Directory ARUP: http://www.aruplab.com/guides/ug/tests/0020498.jsp
Panel of 29 tests Laboratory Test Directory ARUP: http://www.aruplab.com/guides/ug/tests/0020805.jsp
Panel of 8 tests Laboratory Test Directory ARUP: http://www.aruplab.com/guides/ug/tests/0020851.jsp - ↑ 7.0 7.1 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 17, 18. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2015, 2018.