protein

Introduction

Polypeptide derived from translation of mRNA. The human genome contains about 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes.

Function

• proteins are 'building blocks of life'
• proteins may have a diversity of functions
• proteins may associate to form transient or stable molecular complexes

Structure

• the sequence of amino acids in a protein is defined by its mRNA transcribed from its gene
• amino acid residues in a protein may be chemically altered in post-translational modification

Compartment

• a protein may be associated with a specific cellular or extracellular compartment

Expression

• a protein may be specifically expressed by particular cell types

Pathology

• a protein play a role in disease processes via:
  • overexpression
  • underexpression
  • aberrant structure & function

Pharmacokinetics

• a protein may be stable or turnover rapidly

More general terms

• polypeptide

More specific terms

• adhesion protein
• amyloid
• anti-oncoprotein (tumor suppressor protein)
• apoprotein
• apoptotic protein
• bacterial protein
• blood protein
• Ca+2 binding protein
• carrier protein (transporter)
• centrosomal protein
• chemically-modified protein
• contractile protein
• cryoprotein
• cytoskeletal protein
• developmental protein
• enzyme
• evolutionary divergent protein
• fetal protein
• filamentous protein
• flavoprotein
• fusion protein
• globulin
• glycated protein
• glycoprotein
• guanine nucleotide regulatory protein (GNRP)
• heat shock protein
• human longevity protein
• hypothetical protein
• initiation factor
• invertebrate-specific protein
• lectin
• lipoprotein
• membrane protein
• metalloprotein
• mitochondrial protein
• multisubunit protein
• myristoylated protein
• nuclear protein
• nucleoprotein
• oncoprotein
• other protein
• peptide precursor
• peptide termination factor
• phosphoprotein
• plant protein
• prenyl protein
• programmed cell death protein
• proline-rich protein
• protein family member
• protein precursor
• protein product of a chromosomal translocation
• protein subunit
• proteoglycan
• proteolipid
• proto oncogene protein
• protozoan protein
• receptor
• recombinant protein; chimer
• ribosomal protein
• RNA-binding protein
• secreted protein
• selenoprotein
• shortened longevity protein
• translation elongation factor
• viral protein

Additional terms

• dietary protein
• protein (total) in serum
• protein in 24 hour urine
• protein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
• serum protein electrophoresis (SPE)