protein
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Introduction
Polypeptide derived from translation of mRNA. The human genome contains about 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes.[1]
Function
- proteins are 'building blocks of life'
- proteins may have a diversity of functions
- proteins may associate to form transient or stable molecular complexes
Structure
- the sequence of amino acids in a protein is defined by its mRNA transcribed from its gene
- amino acid residues in a protein may be chemically altered in post-translational modification
Compartment
- a protein may be associated with a specific cellular or extracellular compartment
Expression
- a protein may be specifically expressed by particular cell types
Pathology
- a protein play a role in disease processes via:
- overexpression
- underexpression
- aberrant structure & function
Pharmacokinetics
- a protein may be stable or turnover rapidly
More general terms
More specific terms
- adhesion protein
- amyloid
- anti-oncoprotein (tumor suppressor protein)
- apoprotein
- apoptotic protein
- bacterial protein
- blood protein
- Ca+2 binding protein
- carrier protein (transporter)
- centrosomal protein
- chemically-modified protein
- contractile protein
- cryoprotein
- cytoskeletal protein
- developmental protein
- enzyme
- evolutionary divergent protein
- fetal protein
- filamentous protein
- flavoprotein
- fusion protein
- globulin
- glycated protein
- glycoprotein
- guanine nucleotide regulatory protein (GNRP)
- heat shock protein
- human longevity protein
- hypothetical protein
- initiation factor
- invertebrate-specific protein
- lectin
- lipoprotein
- membrane protein
- metalloprotein
- mitochondrial protein
- multisubunit protein
- myristoylated protein
- nuclear protein
- nucleoprotein
- oncoprotein
- other protein
- peptide precursor
- peptide termination factor
- phosphoprotein
- plant protein
- prenyl protein
- programmed cell death protein
- proline-rich protein
- protein family member
- protein precursor
- protein product of a chromosomal translocation
- protein subunit
- proteoglycan
- proteolipid
- proto oncogene protein
- protozoan protein
- receptor
- recombinant protein; chimer
- ribosomal protein
- RNA-binding protein
- secreted protein
- selenoprotein
- shortened longevity protein
- translation elongation factor
- viral protein
Additional terms
- dietary protein
- protein (total) in serum
- protein in 24 hour urine
- protein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
- serum protein electrophoresis (SPE)
References
- ↑ Jump up to: 1.0 1.1 International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium. Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome. Nature. 2004 Oct 21;431(7011):931-45. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15496913
- ↑ WikiPedia: Protein http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein