lipoate; thioctic acid; thioctate; alpha-lipoic acid

Function

• cofactor in 2 enzymes of Kreb's cycle
  • pyruvate dehydrogenase
  • alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenases
• antioxidant, lipid & water soluble
  • recycling of other antioxidants
• synthesized in humans, no deficiency syndromes known
• appears to reset & synchronize circadian rhythms

Pathology

• may be component of autoantigen of antimitochondrial antibody of primary biliary cirrhosis

Indications

• diabetes
  • diabetic neuropathy
  • glycemic control
• ophthalmic conditions
  • cataracts
  • glaucoma
• viral infections, block viral transcription

Dosage

• 600 mg QD

Adverse effects

• dermatologic reactions have been noted

More general terms

• carboxylate
• B vitamin
• thiol; sulhydryl compound; mercaptan
• cofactor

More specific terms

• lipoamide

Component of

• alpha tocopherol/lipoate/ubiquinone
• lipoate/ubiquinone
• coenzyme/lipoate/ubiquinone

Database

• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=864
• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=6112
• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=446116
• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=445125