anti-mitochondrial antibody

Etiology

• autoantibody associated with primary biliary cirrhosis* directed at the mitochondrial M2 antigen
• high titers (1:160) are diagnostic of primary biliary cirrhosis*
  • antibodies preceed signs/symptoms
  • occur in adults NOT children, with rare exceptions
  • reacts with epitope in pyrvatate dehydrogenase-E2 containing lipoic acid
• lower titers associated with
  • chronic active hepatitis
  • alcoholic hepatitis
  • viral hepatitis

* primary biliary cirrhosis also known as primary biliary cholangitis

Laboratory

• mitochondrial antibody in body fluid

* laboratory values indicating need for anti-mitochondrial antibody

• elevated markers of cholangitis: increased serum ALP, serum GGT
• normal to near normal serum AST, serum ALT, serum bilirubin

More general terms

• autoantibody

More specific terms

• anti-mitochondrial M2 antibody
• anti-mitochondrial M4 antibody
• anti-mitochondrial M5 antibody
• anti-mitochondrial M9 antibody

Additional terms

• mitochondrial antibody in body fluid
• primary biliary cirrhosis; primary biliary cholangitis