cephradine (Velosef, Anspor)
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Introduction
Tradenames: Velosef, Anspor. 1st generation cephalosporin.
Indications
- treatment of mild to moderate bacterial infections:
Dosage
- 1 g IV/IM every 6 hours.
- 1-2 g/day PO divided BID/QID.
- 2 g PO 1 hour prior to dental procedure Tabs 250, 500 mg.
Children: 25-100 mg/kg/day divided BID/QID. Susp 125, 250 mg/5 mL.
Dosage adjustment in renal failure
Table
| Creatinine clearance | dose |
|---|---|
| > 40 mL/min | 250-500 mg every 6 hours |
| < 40 mL/min | 250-500 mg every 8-12 hours |
Pharmacokinetics
- oral absorption is nearly complete
- eliminated unchanged in the urine
- 1/2life 0.5-1.5 hours
- dosage adjustment is necessary with renal insufficiency
- well distributed to most tissues & fluids
elimination via kidney
1/2life = 0.5-1.5 hours
protein binding = 8-20 %
elimination by hemodialysis = +
elimination by peritoneal dialysis = +
Antimicrobial activity
- spectrum of coverage is similar to cefazolin
- Streptococcus pyogenes[4]
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Escherichia coli
- Proteus
- Klebsiella[4]
- lacks enterococcus, MRSA & anaerobe coverage
Adverse effects
- nausea/vomiting
- diarrhea
- abdominal cramps
- skin rashes
- arthralgias
- headache
- dizziness
- mild increase in serum creatinine
- eosinophila & granulocytopenia have been reported
- cross-reactivity to penicillin is 3-8%
Drug interactions
- probenecid increases & prolongs 1/2life of cephradine
- drug interaction(s) anticonvulsants with anti-bacterial agents
- drug interaction(s) of antibiotics with warfarin
Test interactions
- large doses may result in a positive direct Coomb's test
Laboratory
- specimen:
- serum
- keep specimen on ice-water
- centrifuge at 4 degrees C
- remove cells as soon as possible
- freeze at -70 degrees C until assayed
- methods: HPLC, MB Mecahnism of action: inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis.
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed. Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996
- ↑ Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs, Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al eds, 1998 - not on National VA formulary
- ↑ Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, 3rd ed. Teitz ed., W.B. Saunders, 1995
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Deprecated Reference