girdin; girders of actin filament; Akt phosphorylation enhancer; APE; hook-related protein 1; HkRP1; G alpha-interacting vesicle-associated protein (GIV, GRDN, APE, KIAA1212, CCDC88A)
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Function
- interacts with the C-terminus of AKT1/PKB
- enhances phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent phosphorylation & kinase activity of AKT1/PKB, but does not possess kinase activity itself
- phosphorylation of AKT1/PKB thereby induces phosphorylation of downstream effectors GSK3 & FOXO1A/FKHR, & regulates DNA replication & cell proliferation
- phosphorylation is induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF) in a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent manner
- phosphorylation by AKT1/PKB is necessary for delocalization from the cell membrane & for cell migration
- non-phosphorylated form interacts with PtdIns4P & weakly with PtdIns3P
- essential for integrity of actin cytoskeleton & for cell migration
- interacts with microtubules
- interacts with actin through its C-terminal domain
- required for formation of actin stress fibers & lamellipodia
- role in membrane sorting in the early endosome (putative)
Structure
omodimer
Compartment
- membrane, cell membrane, cytoplasm, cytoplasmic vesicle.
- cell projection, lamellipodium
- localizes to the cell membrane through interaction with phosphoinositides
Alternative splicing
named isoforms=2
Expression
expressed ubiquitously