G-protein coupled receptor 120; free fatty acid receptor 4; G-protein coupled receptor 129; G-protein coupled receptor GT01; G-protein coupled receptor PGR4; omega-3 fatty acid receptor 1 (FFAR4, GPR120, GPR129, O3FAR1, PGR4)
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Function
- receptor for unsaturated long-chain free fatty acids
- acts as a receptor for omega-3 fatty acids
- binding of the alpha-linolenic acid promotes the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 from GI tract[3]
- signals via a G(q)/G(11)-coupled pathway
- mediates robust anti-inflammatory effects, particularly in macrophages & adipocytes
- anti-inflammatory effects involve inhibition of TAK1 through a beta-arrestin 2 (ARRB2)/TAB1-dependent effect, but independent of the G(q)/G(11)-coupled pathway
- mediates potent insulin sensitizing & antidiabetic effects by repressing macrophage-induced tissue inflammation
- may mediate the taste of fatty acids
- mediates free fatty acid-induced inhibition of apoptosis in enteroendocrine cells.
- may play a role in the regulation of adipocyte development & differentiation
- phosphorylated
- free fatty acid stimulation facilitates phosphorylation
- interacts with ARRB2 following docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) stimulation (putative)
Structure
- belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family
Compartment
- cell membrane
- colocalized with ARRB2 following DHA treatment (putative)
Alternative splicing
named isoforms=2
Expression
- abundant expression in the intestinal tract
- highly expressed in adipose tissue, small intestine & pancreas
- expression detected in differentiated adipocytes but not in preadipocytes
Polymorphism
- genetic variations in FFAR4 define the body mass index quantitative trait locus 10 (BMIQ10)[2]
More general terms
References
- ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q5NUL3.html
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 OMIM https://mirror.omim.org/entry/607514
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Hirasawa A, Tsumaya K, Awaji T et al Free fatty acids regulate gut incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion through GPR120. Nat Med. 2005 Jan;11(1):90-4 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15619630
Database
- Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=338557
- Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:338557
- OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/607514
- OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/609044
- UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q5NUL3.html