lipoprotein lipase (lipase-D, post heparin lipase, LPL, LIPD)
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Function
- hydrolysis of triglycerides of circulating chylomicrons & very low density lipoproteins (VLDL)
- functions in the presence of apoC2 on the luminal surface of vascular endothelium
- activity is dependent upon apoC2 acquired by chylomicrons or VLDL from HDL
- promotes production of chylomicron remnants from chylomicrons
- preferred substrate is triglyceride within chylomicrons.
- non covalently attached to surface of endothelial cells via membrane-bound heparan sulfate proteoglycan
- release into plasma following heparin administration is known as post-heparin lipolytic activity
- hepatic triglyceride lipase also contributes to post-heparin lipolytic activity
triacylglycerol + H2O <--> diacylglycerol + a carboxylate
Structure
- homodimer.
- interacts with apoC2
- belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily, lipase family
- contains 1 PLAT domain
Compartment
cell membrane, heparan sulfate proteoglycan anchor
Pathology
- deficiency in lipoprotein lipase leads to Federickson & Levy type 1 hyperlipoproteinemia (familial chylomicronemia)
- defects in LPL are a cause of type 5 hyperlipoproteinemia (Snomed)
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Primary Hyperlipoproteinemias, Steiner & Shafrir (eds), McGraw Hill, NY, 1991, pg 28
- ↑ Andrews BS. Is the WKS motif the tissue-factor binding site for coagulation factor VII? Trends Biochem Sci. 1991 Jan;16(1):31-6. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2053135
- ↑ Brouwer CB et al Different clearance of intravenously administered olive oil and soybean-oil emulsions: role of hepatic lipase. Am J Clin Nutr 57:533 1993 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8460608
- ↑ GeneReviews https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=LP
- ↑ SHMPD, The Singapore human mutation and polymorphism database http://shmpd.bii.a-star.edu.sg/gene.php?genestart=A&genename=LPL
- ↑ Wikipedia, lipoprotein lipase entry http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/lipoprotein_lipase
- ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P06858.html