alkylated DNA repair protein alkB homolog 1; alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase ABH1; DNA lyase ABH1 (ALKBH1, ABH, ABH1, ALKBH)

Function

• dioxygenase
• repairs alkylated single-stranded DNA & RNA containing 3-methylcytosine by oxidative demethylation
• requires molecular oxygen, alpha-ketoglutarate & iron
• may have a role in placental trophoblast lineage differentiation
• as DNA lyase activity & introduces double-stranded breaks at abasic sites
• cleaves both single-stranded DNA & double-stranded DNA at abasic sites, with the greatest activity towards double-stranded DNA with two abasic sites
• DNA lyase activity does not require alpha-ketoglutarate & iron
• the C-O-P bond 3' to the apurinic or apyrimidinic site in DNA is broken by a beta-elimination reaction, leaving a 3'-terminal unsaturated sugar & a product with a terminal 5'-phosphate
• interacts with DNAJB6 (putative)

Cofactor:

• binds 1 Fe+2 ion per subunit

Structure

• monomer
• belongs to the alkB family
• contains 1 Fe2OG dioxygenase domain

Compartment

• mitochondria, nucleus (putative)
• mainly localizes in euchromatin, largely excluded from heterochromatin & nucleoli (putative)

Expression

ubiquitous

More general terms

• dioxygenase
• alkylated DNA repair protein alkB homolog (ALKBH)
• mitochondrial protein
• nuclear protein

Additional terms

• DNA repair

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=8846
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:8846
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/605345
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q13686.html