hematochezia; bloody stool, maroon stool

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Introduction

Passage of bloody stools or maroon stools.

Etiology

* most common causes in the elderly

Pathology

Clinical manifestations

  • stools may be described as maroon in color

Laboratory

* priority over colonoscopy due to concern for toxic megacolon (GRS9)[3]

Diagnostic procedures

* in older patients with painless, large volume hematochezia most likely due to diverticular bleeding[6]

* flexible sigmoidoscopy plus air contrast barium enema may be substituted colonoscopy

Radiology

* in older patients with painless, large volume hematochezia most likely due to diverticular bleeding, thus colonoscopy[6]

Management

More general terms

More specific terms

Additional terms

References

  1. Jump up to: 1.0 1.1 Stedman's Medical Dictionary 26th ed, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1995
  2. Jump up to: 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 16, 19 American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2012, 2021
  3. Jump up to: 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Brock AS et al A Not-So-Obscure Cause of Gastrointestinal Bleeding N Engl J Med 2015; 372:556-561. February 5, 2015 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25651250 <Internet> http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMcps1302223
  4. Jump up to: 4.0 4.1 Geriatric Review Syllabus, 9th edition (GRS9) Medinal-Walpole A, Pacala JT, Porter JF (eds) American Geriatrics Society, 2016
  5. Jump up to: 5.0 5.1 Sengupta N, Feuerstein JD, Jairath V et al Management of patients with acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding: An updated ACG guideline. Am J Gastroenterol 2023 Feb 1; 118:208. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36735555 https://journals.lww.com/ajg/Fulltext/2023/02000/Management_of_Patients_With_Acute_Lower.14.aspx
  6. Jump up to: 6.0 6.1 6.2 NEJM Knowledge+