sinus tachycardia
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Introduction
Depolarization of the sinus node at a rate >100/min with a normal pattern of atrial & ventricular activation.
Etiology
- increased levels of circulating catecholamines -pheochromocytoma
- pain
- hypovolemia, anemia
- hypoxemia
- myocardial ischemia or myocardial infarction
- pulmonary embolism
- fever
- inflammation
- hyperthyroidism
- anxiety[3]
- exercise[3]
Clinical manifestations
- may lead to decreased cardiac output
Diagnostic procedures
- electrocardiogram:
- p-wave precedes each QRS complex
- p-waves have normal configuration & axis
- PR interval is normal or slightly shortened
- QRS pattern is usually normal
- occasionally, bundle-branch block may occur secondary to increased rate
Management
- correct underlying precipitating factors
- fluid replacement in hypovolemic patient
- beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist
- volume repleted patient
- myocardial ischemia or myocardial infarction
More general terms
More specific terms
References
- ↑ Manual of Medical Therapeutics, 28th ed, Ewald & McKenzie (eds), Little, Brown & Co, Boston, 1995, pg 141
- ↑ Saunders Manual of Medical Practice, Rakel (ed), WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1996, pg 271
- ↑ Jump up to: 3.0 3.1 3.2 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 18, 19. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2018, 2022