male infertility
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Etiology
- hypogonadism
- genetic disease
- 15% of cases of male infertility[4]
- Klinefelter syndrome
- cystic fibrosis
- ciliary dyskinesia
- tight underwear elevates scrotal temperatures, leading to testicular injury[5]
Pathology
- azoospermia
- UAP1 antigen implicated in antibody-mediated male infertility
- deletion of pseudoautosomal region 1 (PAR1) causes male infertility
- CATSPER1 down-regulated in patients lacking sperm motility
Genetics
Laboratory
- semen analysis (single best test)[3]
- obtain after 48-72 hours of abstinence
- repeat in 2 weeks for confirmation if abnormal[3]
- sperm count (see azoospermia)
- 8 AM serum testosterone[3]
- see ARUP consult[1]
Management
- endocrine consult if repeat semen analysis abnormal[3]
More general terms
More specific terms
- azoospermia
- deafness-infertility syndrome
- globozoospermia (round-headed spermatozoa)
- idiopathic oligospermia
Additional terms
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 ARUP Consult: Infertility The Physician's Guide to Laboratory Test Selection & Interpretation https://www.arupconsult.com/content/infertility
- ↑ Cooper TG, Noonan E, von Eckardstein S et al World Health Organization reference values for human semen characteristics. Hum Reprod Update. 2010 May-Jun;16(3):231-45 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19934213
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 16, 17, 18, 19. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2012, 2015, 2018, 2022
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Krausz C, Chianese C. Genetic testing and counselling for male infertility. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2014 Jun;21(3):244-50 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24739313
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Minguez-Alarcon L, Gaskins AJ, Chiu YH. Type of underwear worn and markers of testicular function among men attending a fertility center. Human Reproduction. Aug 8, 2018 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30102388 https://academic.oup.com/humrep/advance-article/doi/10.1093/humrep/dey259/5066758