azoospermia
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Introduction
Absence of living spermatozoa in the semen.
Etiology
- Klinefelter's syndrome
- reproductive tract obstruction
- absence of vas deferens
- cancer itself can depress sperm count[2]
Genetics
- chromosomal deletions in chromosome Yq11.23 region, including the DAZ genes (DAZ, DAZ2, DAZ4), are a cause of azoospermia or oligospermia
- defects in DAZL may be a cause of oligospermia or azoospermia
Laboratory
- semen anaysis (microscopy)
- serum FSH, serum LH
- serum testosterone
- testicular biopsy
- karyotype testing
- Klinefelter's syndrome 47 XXY
Management
- prognosis:
- men who are azoospermic at cancer diagnosis can recover after successful cancer treatment[2]
More general terms
More specific terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Journal Watch 25(16):127, 2005 Ragni G, Arnoldi M, Somigliana E, Paffoni A, Brambilla ME, Restelli L. Reproductive prognosis in male patients with azoospermia at the time of cancer diagnosis. Fertil Steril. 2005 Jun;83(6):1674-9. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15950635
- ↑ Schlegel PN Causes of azoospermia and their management. Reprod Fertil Dev. 2004;16(5):561-72. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15367371
- ↑ Stahl PJ, Schlegel PN. Genetic evaluation of the azoospermic or severely oligozoospermic male. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Aug;24(4):221-8. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22729088