semen analysis
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Indications
- evaluation of infertility
- evaluation of retrograde ejaculation
Reference interval
- pH: 7.2-7.8[1], 8-9[2]
- volume: 2-5 mL
- fructose: positive
- sperm count: 2-10 million/mL
- sperm motility: > 50%
- sperm morphology: > 14% normal forms
Clinical significance
- pH:
- may be increased with infection of the prostate, seminal vesicle or epididymis
- may be decreased with obstruction in the ejaculatory ducts or when the semen consists largely of prostatic fluid
- causes of low volume
- ductal obstruction
- retrograde ejaculation
- lack of abstinence
- fructose may be negative with ductal obstruction
- sperm motility:
- sperm morphology: prognostic for fertility[2]
Notes
- if the test is abnormal, it should be repeated[2]
More general terms
More specific terms
Additional terms
Components
- hyaluronan sperm binding test
- spermatozoa motile in semen
- spermatozoa morphology in semen
- spermatozoa velocity in semen
- spermatozoa in semen; sperm count