polio virus vaccine, inactivated (IPOL, IPV, Poliovax, Salk vaccine)

Indications

active immunization against poliovirus

Contraindications

• acute febrile illness
• may administer during common cold
• hypersensitivity to streptomycin or neomycin

pregnancy-category C

safety in lactation ?

Dosage

(4 doses)

Primary immunization: (begin at 6 months of age)

• three 0.5 mL injections SC
• the 1st 2 doses at intervals of 8 weeks
• the 3rd dose 6-12 months after the 2nd dose

Booster:

• all children who have received 3-dose primary immunization before their 4th birthday should receive a booster of 0.5 mL SC before entering school (4-6 years of age)
• shortest interval after the 3rd dose is 6 months

Injection:

• suspension of 3 types of poliovirus (1,2 & 3) grown in human diploid cell cultures (0.5 mL)
• the vaccine should be perfectly clear & pink or red in color

Pharmacokinetics

elimination: liver

Adverse effects

• most common (1-10%)
  • skin rash, fever > 101.3, inflammation at injection site
• uncommon (< 1%)
  • dyspnea, erythema, tiredness, weakness, Guillain Barre syndrome, fussiness, sleepiness, crying, decreased appetite

Drug interactions

• may temporarily suppress tuberculin skin reactivity (4-6 weeks)
• immunosuppressive agents
• immune globulin

More general terms

• poliovirus vaccine

Additional terms

• polio virus

Component of

• diphtheria toxoid/poliovirus vaccine inactivated/tetanus toxoid
• acellular pertussis vaccine/poliovirus vaccine inactivated/tetanus toxoid
• acellular pertussis vaccine/hepatitis b surface antigen/hepatitis b vaccine/poliovirus vaccine inactivated/tetanus toxoid
• acellular pertussis vaccine/diphtheria toxoid/poliovirus vaccine inactivated/tetanus toxoid (Quadracel, DTaP-IPV, Kinrix)
• acellular pertussis vaccine/diphtheria toxoid/haemophilus B vaccine/hepatitis B vaccine/poliovirus inactivated vaccine/tetanus toxoid (DtaP-HepB-IPV)
• acellular pertussis vaccine/diphtheria toxoid/hepatitis B vaccine/poliovirus inactivated vaccine/tetanus toxoid (DtaP-HepB-IPV)