common cold; acute nasopharyngitis; viral rhinosinusitis
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Introduction
also see upper respiratory tract infection, rhinovirus
Etiology
Pathology
- cleavage of viral protein VP0 into VP4 & VP2 in the intact viral capsid[2]
- VP0 is N-myristoylated by host cell N-myristoyltransferase[2]
Clinical manifestations
- initially: sore throat, headache, low-grade fever
- later: rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, dry cough
- improvement in 10-14 days
Differential diagnosis
Management
- antibiotics not indicated[1]; effective[3]
- cough suppressants dextromethorphan, codeine ineffective[3]
- zinc gluconate lozenge 45-276 mg/day for 4.5-21 days & other forms of zinc shorten duration of common cold by 2 days[4]
- investigational agent IMP-1088, a small molecule inhibitor of N-myristoyltransferase (NMT1 & NMT2) inhibits maturation of rhinovirus[2]
More general terms
- upper respiratory tract infection (URI, common cold)
- nasopharyngitis; rhinopharyngitis
- rhinitis
- viral infection
More specific terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Harris AM, Hicks LA, Qaseem A et al Appropriate Antibiotic Use for Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Adults: Advice for High-Value Care From the American College of Physicians and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ann Intern Med. Published online 19 January 2016 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785402 <Internet> http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2481815
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Lewis R New Enzyme Inhibitor May Stop Common Cold. Medscape - May 18, 2018. https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/896928
Mousnier A, Bell, AS, Swieboda DP et al Fragment-derived inhibitors of human N-myristoyltransferase block capsid assembly and replication of the common cold virus. Nature Chemistry. vol 10:599-606. June 2018. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29760414 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41557-018-0039-2.epdf - ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 19 American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2022
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Nault D, Machingo TA, Shipper AG et al Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024 May 9;5(5):CD014914 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38719213 PMCID: PMC11078591 (available on 2025-05-09) https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD014914.pub2/full