T-cell receptor gamma alternate reading frame protein (TARP, TRGC1)

Expression

• detected at low levels in the ductal cells of the salivary gland
• not detected in salivary acinar cells (at protein level)
• expressed in endometrium (at protein level)
• expressed in epithelial cells within the acinar ducts of the prostate
• little or no expression detected in normal breast tissue
• expression induced by testosterone

Pathology

• expressed in prostate cancer & breast cancer cells
• in prostate cancer cells, increases cell growth rate & changes expression of a number of genes including up-regulation of CAV1, CAV2, AREG & CXCL1/GRO1 & down-regulation of IL1B
• localizes to the mitochondrion outer membrane in prostate cancer cells
• in acute myeloid leukemia cells, shows perinuclear staining & some localization at the endoplasmic reticulum
• expressed at higher levels in primary salivary adenoid cystic carcinomas (SACC) compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues
• promotes proliferation, migration & invasion of SACC cells
• expressed at higher levels in endometrial carcinomas than in normal endometrium

Genetics

• encoded in an alternative reading frame of the T-cell receptor gamma chain gene*
• originates within an intron directly upstream of the Jgamma1.2 gene segment & contains 3 exons from the Cgamma1 segment

* variable (Vgamma), joining (Jgamma), & constant (Cgamma) gene segments

More general terms

• receptor

Additional terms

• T-cell receptor gamma chain C region 1 (TRGC1)
• TA-rich recognition protein (TARP)

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=445347
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:445347
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/609642
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A2JGV3.html