calcium gluconate

Introduction

for calcium supplementation see calcium carbonate

10% solution (90 mg elemental calcium/10 mL ampule)

Indications

• symptomatic hypocalcemia
  • 20 mL (2 ampules) IV over 10 minutes, followed by
  • infusion 60 mL of 10% calcium gluconate in 500 mL D5W (1 mg/mL) at 0.5-2.0 mg/kg/hr
  • hypocalcemic tetany
• hyperkalemia & cardiac arrest due to hyperkalemia
  • 10 mL (1 ampule) IV over 2-5 minutes
  • a 2nd dose may be given after 5 minutes if no response
  • slower infusion rates in patients receiving digitalis because of potential hypercalcemia-induced digitalis activity
• hypermagnesemia: 10-1-20 mL (2 ampules) IV over 10 minutes
• osteoporosis

Contraindications

pregnancy-category :value +

safety-in-lactation :value ?

Dosage

Injection: 100 mL/mL. 10 mL

Pharmacokinetics

• IV: occurs within minutes
• IV: lasts approximately 1 hour
• elimination :route kidney

Adverse effects

• uncommon (< 1%)
  • vasodilation, hypotension, bradycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation, syncope, lethargy, coma, mania, erythema, elevated serum amylase, decreased serum Mg+2, hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, tissue necrosis, muscle weakness

• drug adverse effects of calclium supplement(s)

More general terms

• calcium supplement
• metabolic agent (metabolic modifier)

Additional terms

• Ca+2
• gluconate

Component of

• calcium gluconate/glucose
• calcium carbonate/calcium gluconate/vitamin d

Database

• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=9290
• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=89465