hypermagnesemia

Etiology

• uncommon in patients without renal failure
• excessive magnesium therapy for pre-eclampsia

Clinical manifestations

• central nervous system
  • somnolence
  • depression of deep tendon reflexes (DTR)
  • paralysis of peripheral & respiratory muscles
  • coma
• cardiac
  • hypotension
  • heart block
  • arrhythmias
  • cardiac arrest

Laboratory

• serum magnesium:
  • symptoms emerge when > 5.0-7.2 mg/dL (normal: 1.5-2.4 mg/dL)

Management

• discontinue magnesium-containing medications
• intravenous calcium gluconate antagonizes effects of hypermagnesemia
• volume expansion with normal saline
• furosemide to enhance urine Mg+2 excretion
• dialysis in Mg+2-intoxicated patients with renal insufficiency

More general terms

• electrolyte disorder
• sign/symptom
• disorder of magnesium metabolism

Additional terms

• calcium gluconate
• magnesium (Mg+2) in serum