Figure: gamma-glutamyl cycle
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Biochemistry
- gamma-glutamyl cycle 1
- enzyme: gamma-glutamyl cysteine synthetase
- substrate: cysteine + glutamate + ATP
- product: gamma-glutamylcysteine + ADP + H2PO4-
- gamma-glutamyl cycle 2
- enzyme: glutathione synthetase
- substrate: gamma-glutamylcysteine + glycine + ATP
- product: glutathione + ADP + H2PO4-
- gamma-glutamyl cycle 3
- enzyme: gamma-glutamyltransferase (plasma membrane)
- substrate: glutathione + amino acid (extracellular))
- product: gamma-glutamyl-amino acid (intracellular) + cysteinylglycine
- gamma-glutamyl cycle 4
- enzyme: gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase
- substrate: gamma-glutamyl-amino acid
- product: 5-oxoproline
- gamma-glutamyl cycle 5
- enzyme: 5-oxoprolinase
- substrate: 5-oxoproline + ATP + H2O
- product: glutamate + ADP + H2PO4-
- gamma-glutamyl cycle 6
- enzyme: dipeptidase
- substrate: cysteinylglycine + H2O
- product: cysteine + glycine